Endocrine Abstracts

Previous observational studies suggest that low 25(OH)D concentrations in childhoodmight have deleterious effects on vasculature. The present study addresses this key knowledge gap with the use of a dose-response randomized clinical trial (RCT) aimed to determine the effect ofone-year vitamin D supplementationon carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in overweight and obese school children. The current study was a single-blind RCT. A total of 378 children and adolescents, 6&#82...

Introduction: Leptin is a well-known adipokine which has a critical role in the regulation of body weight, body fat mass, appetite, and food intakes. Energy-supplying nutrients such as carbohydrates is a dietary-related factor which has potential effects on plasma leptin levels. The effect of habitual carbohydrates intake on leptin gene expression was limited only in animal studies. The current study aimed to investigate the association of habitual carbohydrate intake with lep...

Introduction: Trials on children and adolescents with excess weight are limited and lack parathyroid hormone (PTH) measures as a surrogate marker of vitaminD status in skeletal health. The present study addresses this key knowledge gap with the use of a dose-response randomized clinical trial (RCT) aimed at determining vitamin D requirement to increase 25(OH)D and suppress PTH concentrations in overweight and obese school children.Methods: The current st...

Background and aim: The 25OHD concentration at which intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) is maximally suppressed and below which PTH begins to rise (inflection point) has been used to define optimum 25OHD concentration. While it is not known if the lower 25OHD levels in obese children are associated with a PTH increase in the same manner as it is in normal weight children, we aimed to study the relation between circulating PTH and 25OHD levels and to search for a 25OHD threshold...

Background and aim: Apelin, as an adipokine, is encoded by the APLN gene. It is a key regulator in glucose and lipid metabolism and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It seems that habitual dietary intake of carbohydrates including quality and quantity by chronic manipulating insulin concentration might have a distinguishing role in the prediction of apelin gene expression in adipose tissue, but there is no evidence in this r...

Introduction: Human fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) gene expression are associated with body mass index and type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, can attenuate weight gain and obesity by contribution to the FTO gene regulation. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between habitual physical activity and the FTO gene expression among morbid obese and non-obese subjects.<p class="abstex...

New evidence indicated that miRNAs may contribute to the regulation of energy balance and metabolic homeostasis, by controlling a wide range of metabolic pathways. miR-143 and miR-34a are the best studied among the miRNAs linked to adipose tissue regulation. Dietary intake, among many other environmental factors, is a key player that can induce epigenetic changes. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of the miR-143 and miR-34a expression in visceral and subc...

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) are key enzymes involved in intracellular degradation of triacylglycerols. The environmental factors and circulating biomarkers can affect the expression of ATGL and HSL in adipocytes among rats. To our knowledge, however, no information is known about the dietary and plasma fatty acids composition on gene expression of ATGL and HSL in human adipose tissue. We aimed to determine how fatty acid species measur...

In the current study, we aimed to illustrate determinants of VDR gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues among obese and morbidly obese adults. We gathered visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues during an elective abdominal surgery form 33 morbidly obese (body mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2) and 23 obese (BMI = 30–40 kg/m2) participants who were free of diabetes. Before the surgery, dietary intake, physical activity, anth...

Background: By focusing on nutrition transition in the Middle East and North Africa, this study aim to investigate the general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns extracted from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and adherence to these dietary patterns among Iranian population from 2006 till 2017.Methods: We investigated on four examination surveys of TLGS including survey 1 (2006–2008), survey 2 (2009–2011), survey 3 (2012...